Nakong eo lefats'e le kenang 'marakeng o kopaneng oa lefats'e, tee, joalo ka kofi, cocoa le lino tse ling, e rorisitsoe haholo ke linaha tsa Bophirima mme e fetohile seno se seholohali lefatšeng.
Ho ea ka lipalo-palo tsa morao-rao tsa Lekhotla la Machabeng la Tee, ka 2017, sebaka sa ho jala tee lefatšeng ka bophara se fihlile lihekthere tse limilione tse 4.89, tlhahiso ea tee e ne e le lithane tse limilione tse 5.812, 'me tšebeliso ea tee ea lefats'e e ne e le lithane tse limilione tse 5.571.Khohlano lipakeng tsa tlhahiso ea tee ea lefats'e le thekiso e ntse e bonahala.Keketseho ea tee lefatšeng ka bophara e tsoa China le India.China e fetohile mohlahisi e moholo ka ho fetisisa lefatšeng oa tee.Ho fihlela sena, ho hlopha le ho sekaseka tlhahiso ea tee ea lefats'e le mokhoa oa khoebo, ho utloisisa ka ho hlaka mekhoa e matla ea indasteri ea tee ea lefats'e, ho bohlokoa haholo bakeng sa ho lebella litebello tsa nts'etsopele le mekhoa ea khoebo ea indasteri ea tee ea China, e tataisang phepelo- lintlafatso tsa meralo ea lehlakore, le ho ntlafatsa tlholisano ea machaba ea tee ea China.
★Bophahamo ba khoebo ea tee bo fokotsehile
Ho ea ka lipalo-palo tse tsoang Lefapheng la Machaba a Kopaneng la Lipalopalo tsa Lipalopalo tsa Lijo le Temo, mothating ona ho na le linaha tse 49 tse khōlō tse lemang tee, ’me linaha tse jang tee li akaretsa linaha le libaka tse 205 lik’honthinenteng tse hlano.Ho tloha ka 2000 ho isa ho 2016, khoebo ea tee ea lefats'e ka kakaretso e bonts'itse mokhoa o nyolohileng mme oa theoha.Kakaretso ea khoebo ea tee ea lefats'e e eketsehile ho tloha ho lithane tse limilione tse 2.807 ka 2000 ho ea ho lithane tse limilione tse 3.4423 ka 2016, e leng keketseho ea 22.61%.Har'a tsona, thepa e tsoang kantle ho naha e eketsehile ho tloha ho lithane tse 1,343,200 ka 2000 ho ea ho lithane tse 1,741,300 ka 2016, e leng keketseho ea 29.64%;thomelontle e eketsehile ho tloha ho ditone tse 1,464,300 ka 2000 ho ya ho ditone tse 1,701,100 ka 2016, e leng keketseho ya 16.17%.
Lilemong tsa morao tjena, palo ea khoebo ea tee ea lefats'e e qalile ho bonts'a mokhoa o tlase.Kakaretso ea khoebo ea tee ka 2016 e fokotsehile ka lithane tse 163,000 ha e bapisoa le nako e tšoanang ka 2015, ho fokotseha ha selemo le selemo ka 4.52%.Har'a tsona, palo ea thepa e tsoang linaheng tse ling e fokotsehile ka lithane tse 114,500 ha e bapisoa le nako e tšoanang ka 2015, ho fokotseha ha selemo le selemo ka 6.17%, 'me palo ea thomello e fokotsehile ka lithane tse 41,100 ha e bapisoa le nako e tšoanang ea 2015, selemo le selemo. phokotso ea selemo ea 2.77%.Phapang pakeng tsa bophahamo ba thepa le thepa e tsoang kantle e ntse e fokotseha.
★Kabo ea li-intercontinental tsa khoebo ea tee e fetohile
Ka liphetoho tsa tšebeliso ea tee le tlhahiso, palo ea khoebo ea tee lipakeng tsa lik'honthinente e tsoetse pele ka nepo.Ka 2000, tlhahiso ea tee ea Asia e ile ea nka karolo ea 66 lekholong ea thepa ea tee lefatšeng ka bophara, e leng se ileng sa etsa hore e be setsi sa bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa sa ho rekisa tee lefatšeng, e lateloe ke Afrika ka 24%, Europe ka 5%, Amerika ka 4%, le Oceania ho 1%.Ka 2016, tlhahiso ea tee ea Asia e le karolo ea thepa e romelloang lefatšeng ka bophara ea tee e theohile ka liperesente tse 4 ho isa ho 62%.Afrika, Europe le Amerika kaofela li eketsehile hanyenyane, li nyolohela ho 25%, 7%, le 6% ka ho latellana.Karolo ea lihlahisoa tsa tee ea Oceania lefatšeng e batla e fokola, e theohela ho lithane tse limilione tse 0.25.Ho ka fumanoa hore Asia le Afrika ke tsona lik'honthinente tse ka sehloohong tse romelang tee.
Ho tloha ka 2000 ho isa 2016, thepa e romelloang kantle ea tee ea Asia e bile karolo e fetang 50% ea thepa e romelloang kantle ho naha.Le hoja karolo e fokotsehile lilemong tsa morao tjena, e ntse e le k'honthinente e kholo ka ho fetisisa ea ho romela tee;Afrika ke k'honthinente ea bobeli e kholo ka ho fetisisa ea thekiso ea tee.Lilemong tsa morao tjena, tee Karolelano ea diyantle e ile ea phahama hanyenyane.
Ho latela pono ea ho romelloa ha tee ho tsoa lik'honthinenteng tsohle, thepa ea Asia mathoasong a lekholo la bo20 la lilemo e ne e etsa hoo e ka bang 3%.Ka 2000, e ne e le 36%.Ka 2016, e ne e nyolohetse ho 45%, ho ba setsi sa lefats'e sa ho reka tee;Europe mathoasong a lekholo la bo19 la lilemo tse tsoang linaheng tse ling tsa Chaena li ile tsa nka karolo ea 64% ea thepa ea tee ea lefats'e, e ileng ea oela ho 36% ka 2000, e neng e bapisoa le Asia, 'me ea theohela ho 30% ka 2016;Theko ya Aforika e theohile hanyane ho tloha ka 2000 ho ya ho 2016, ho tloha ho 17% Ho ya ho 14%;Tee ea Amerika e tsoang kantle ho naha e bakile karolo ea lefats'e ea lefats'e e sa fetohe, e ntse e le hoo e ka bang 10%.Lihlahisoa tse tsoang Oceania li eketsehile ho tloha 2000 ho isa 2016, empa karolo ea eona lefatšeng e ile ea theoha hanyane.Ho ka fumanoa hore Asia le Europe ke lik'honthinente tse ka sehloohong tse kenyang tee lefatšeng, 'me mokhoa oa ho kenya tee Europe le Asia o bontša mokhoa oa "ho fokotseha le ho eketseha".Asia e fetile Europe ho ba k'honthinente e kholo ka ho fetisisa ea ho reka tee.
★Boikutlo ba ho reka tee le limmaraka tsa kantle ho naha bo batla bo tsepame
Barekisi ba tee ba ka hodimo ho ba bahlano ka selemo sa 2016 e ne e le China, Kenya, Sri Lanka, India le Argentina, tseo diyantle tsa tsona di entseng karolo ya 72.03% ya kakaretso ya diyantle tsa tee lefatsheng.Linaha tse leshome tse ka holimo-limo tse romelloang kantle tsa tee tsa tee li bile karolo ea 85.20% ea kakaretso ea thepa e romelloang kantle ho naha.Ho ka fumanoa hore linaha tse tsoelang pele ke tsona tse ka sehloohong tse rekisang tee ka ntle ho naha.Linaha tse leshome tse holimo ka ho fetisisa tse rekisang tee ke linaha tse tsoelang pele kaofela, tse tsamaellanang le molao oa khoebo ea lefats'e, ke hore, linaha tse tsoelang pele li laola 'maraka oa theko e tlase oa thepa e tala.Sri Lanka, India, Indonesia, Tanzania le linaha tse ling li bone ho theoha ha thepa ea tee.Har'a tsona, thepa ea Indonesia e theohile ka 17.12%, Sri Lanka, India le Tanzania e theohile ka 5.91%, 1.96%, le 10.24%, ka ho latellana.
Ho tloha 2000 ho isa 2016, khoebo ea tee ea China e ile ea tsoela pele ho hola, mme nts'etsopele ea khoebo ea ho rekisa tee e ne e phahame haholo ho feta ea khoebo ea kantle ho naha ka nako eona eo.Haholo-holo kamora ho kenela WTO, menyetla e mengata e entsoe bakeng sa khoebo ea tee ea China.Ka 2015, China e ile ea e-ba morekisi e moholo ka ho fetisisa oa tee ka lekhetlo la pele.Ka 2016, thepa ea tee ea naha ea heso e eketsehile ka linaha le libaka tse 130, haholo-holo thepa ea tee e tala.Limmaraka tsa kantle ho naha le tsona li shebane haholo le Bophirima, Leboea, Afrika, Asia le linaheng tse ling le libaka, haholo Morocco, Japane, Uzbekistan, United States, Russia, Hong Kong, Senegal, Ghana, Mauritani, joalo-joalo.
Linaha tse ka holimo-limo tse hlano tse rekang tee ka 2016 e ne e le Pakistan, Russia, United States, United Kingdom le United Arab Emirates.Theko ea bona ea thepa e tsoang kantle e bile karolo ea 39.38% ea kakaretso ea thepa ea tee lefatšeng ka bophara, 'me linaha tse leshome tse holimo ka ho fetisisa tse rekang tee li nkile karolo ea 57.48%.Linaha tse ntseng li tsoela pele li ikarabella bakeng sa boholo ba linaha tse leshome tse holimo ka ho fetisisa tse rekang tee, e leng se bontšang hore ka tsoelo-pele e tsoelang pele ea moruo, tšebeliso ea tee linaheng tse tsoelang pele le eona e ntse e eketseha butle-butle.Russia ke moreki le moreki oa tee lefatšeng ka bophara.95% ea baahi ba eona ba na le tloaelo ea ho noa tee.Esale e le morekisi wa tee o moholo ka ho fetisisa lefatsheng ho tloha ka 2000. Pakistan e hodile ka potlako tshebedisong ya tee dilemong tsa morao tjena.Ka 2016, e ile ea feta Russia ho ba tee e kholo ka ho fetisisa lefatšeng.naha ea kantle ho naha.
Linaha tse tsoetseng pele, United States, United Kingdom, le Jeremane le tsona ke barekisi ba ka sehloohong ba tee.United States le United Kingdom ke tse ling tsa linaha tse tsoang kantle ho naha le bareki, li reka tee ho tsoa hoo e batlang e le linaha tsohle tse hlahisang tee lefatšeng.Ka 2014, United States e ile ea feta United Kingdom lekgetlo la pele, ya eba naha ya boraro e rekang tee e kgolo ka ho fetisisa lefatsheng kamora Russia le Pakistan.Ka 2016, thepa ea tee e tsoang kantle ho naha ea China e bile 3.64% feela ea kakaretso ea tee e tsoang kantle ho naha.Ho ne ho e-na le linaha tse 46 (litikoloho).Bo-mphato ba ka sehloohong ba khoebo ea kantle ho naha e ne e le Sri Lanka, Taiwan, le India.Boraro bona ka kopanelo ba nkile karolo ea 80% ea kakaretso ea tee e tsoang kantle ho naha ea China.Ka nako e ts'oanang, thepa ea tee ea China e tlase haholo ho feta e romelloang kantle ho naha.Ka 2016, thepa ea tee ea China e ile ea nka karolo ea 18.81% feela ea thepa e tsoang linaheng tse ling, e leng se bontšang hore tee ke e 'ngoe ea lihlahisoa tse ka sehloohong tsa temo tse rekisoang ka ntle ho naha ea Chaena.
Nako ea poso: Mar-17-2021
